Stress is defined as any event that a person perceives as threatening, and in order to protect itself, the body responds to stressors with a classic “fight or flight” response, which nature designed to allow survival.
Biologically, hypothalamus regulates both stress responses as well as the sex hormones. Excessive stress may even lead to complete suppression of the menstrual cycle. In less severe cases, it could cause irregular menstrual cycles.When activated by stress, the pituitary gland also produces increased amounts of prolactin, and elevated levels of prolactin could cause irregular ovulation which would make pregnancy impossible.
Stress can reduce sperm counts as well and also suppress libido, cause erectile dysfunction and result in a reduction in the frequency of intercourse, which in turn could also reduce fertility.
Research has shown that women undergoing treatment for infertility have often higher level of stress as women dealing with life-threatening illnesses such as cancer and heart disease. Infertile couples experience long term stress each month, first hoping that they will conceive and dealing with the disappointment if they do not.
Also, many women start overeating in response to the stress of infertility. The increased fat cells then disrupt the hormonal balance, making a bad situation even worse.
WHY INFERTILITY IS STRESSFUL?
When diagnosed with infertility, many couples feel helpless and no longer in control of their bodies or their life plan.
Stress faced by infertile couples is not necessarily emotional or psychological stress. Infertility treatment can be physically stressful as well! Blood tests; injections, ultrasound scan and surgery can be painful, awkward and embarrassing.
There is considerable financial stress too and this is acute for poor patients. Infertility treatment is expensive and this represents a major hurdle. Many patients drop out of treatment because they cannot afford it and this can be very hard to come to terms with, especially when they know they could have got pregnant, if only they could have afforded the treatment.
Some of the hormonal medications you may need to take can also cause mood swings and emotional upsets, making it harder for you to cope with the stress.